Sciences

 Microbes in cell Microbes: Microbes are tiny living organisms that are too small to see by our naked eye. There are diverse groups of microbes which are Bacteria:  single celled organism with no nucleus can be found anywhere from soil to human digestive system. Archaea:  These are similar to bacteria but with different genetic and biochemical pathway. Many archaea can survive and live in extreme conditions. Fungi: Can be single or multicellular plays a major role as decomposers in soil and used in food productions. Protists: A group of eukaryotes with a nucleus it includes algae. Viruses: Nonliving organism under microbes which replicates inside the host cells. Microbe interaction with cell Beneficial: Both gets benefited in this relationship like mutualism. Harmful: One gets harmed or killed in this process, while other gets benefitted in this. Neutral: No harm or benefit to both cell and microbes in it. Importance of microbes in cell Nutrient Cycling: Microbes break d...

 Types of microbial interactions: Positive interactions don't harm, or no harm is done to the other organisms in this process. Negative interactions harms or kills the other organism in the process/ Types of positive interaction: Mutualism: Both microbes benefit from the interaction. This involves Nutrient exchange. Metabolic cooperation. Physical association. Commensalism: One microbe benefit, while the other is neither harmed nor helped. This involves Provide habitat. Nutrition availability. Example: Gut microbe helps for digestion and supports our immune system. Types of negative interaction: Negative interaction affects the microbe and can kill it. Competition: The microbes compete each other for nutrition, space and to survive. Predation: One microbe act as predator and another as prey, the predator microbe hunts down the prey and takes nutrition from it. Parasitism: The parasitic organism attaches to the host organism and takes nutrition that goes to host and harms the host...

  Environmental microbiology is the study of microorganisms in their natural habitats and their interactions with each other and the environment Biogeochemical cycling: the process of nutrient cycling with help of microbes such as carbon fixation, nitrogen fixation and sulfur cycle etc. Bioremediation: using microbes we remove or degrade the pollution in air, water and soil. Environmental health:  using microbes to find the quality of environment e.g. using microbes to identify fecal contamination in water. Ecology: microbes involve in decomposition, nutrient cycling and food webs. Importance of Environmental Microbiology Environmental microbiology is an important field of study because it helps us to understand the role of microorganisms in the environment. Some of the key areas of research in environmental microbiology include: The role of microorganisms in climate change The use of microorganisms for bioremediation The impact of pollution on microbial communities The ...